This book is based on the outcome of the research project funded by Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment and Ministry of Tribal Affairs, Government of India. The project was supported by the Department of Social Justice, Empowerment and Tribal Affairs, Government of Arunachal Pradesh. Sanitation is vital for ensuring a healthy and productive life of the people. Recognising the importance of sanitation, the United Nations has declared ensuring access to safe water and sanitation as one of the 17 goals of sustainable development. Government of India aims to achieve open defecation free India and tap water supply to all households. However, a large number of tribal people do not have access to proper sanitation facilities and safe drinking water. Tribal population consists of around 8 per cent of India's population. Access of tribal population to safe source of drinking water and sanitation has been inadequate for several years. So, the book deals with the status of sanitation among the tribal people of Arunachal Pradesh. It also explores the level of awareness, sanitary habits and hygienic practices among the tribal people of the State. Sanitation and sanitary practices among the tribal people have improved due to government intervention in the form of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan. The book shows that there has been significant improvement in access to sanitation among the tribal people in the State in terms of coverage. But in terms of quality, progress in sanitation has been inadequate. Further, there is a scope for improvement in awareness, sanitary habits and hygienic practices among the tribal households.