Ophthalmology, like all other branches of medical sciences, has taken giant strides in the recent past. The book, Basic Ophthalmology, deals with the basic concepts, fundamentals as well as recent advances in opthalmology. The book preserves the fundamentals and simplicity of the work and also incorporates the crucial but complex material derived from recent research, investigations and inquiries in this ever-expanding field. The book commences with the chapters on basic embryology and anatomy of eye and physiology and neurology of vision. All structures of the eye are discussed in separate chapters comprising information on their anatomy, diseases, and their treatment. The book also includes separate chapters on causes and prevention of blindness and ophthalmic equipments and instruments. Every chapter includes several multiple choice questions that will help students to test their knowledge. The book intends to allow medical student to relate to the material and not merely to memorize it mechanically for reproducing it during an examination.