Specially designed as a standard text for teacher training colleges, this book is essentially 'student-centred' and 'examination-oriented'. It has stood the test of time as it fully meets the changing needs of the students preparing for BEd, LT, BT and BA (Edu) examinations, and provides a comprehensive treatment of all topics on which questions are usually asked. The book aims at enabling students not only to have a complete grasp of the concepts, but also obtain maximum marks in the examinations. Practical approach of the book also makes it useful for in-service programmes for various categories of personnel in education, and its authoritative coverage makes it relevant in the Middle-East and South-East Asian countries. Readers will find it a trustworthy friend, philosopher and guide. The third edition accounts for the advances in technology during the last seven years (when this book was last revised) as also the changing educational system.