Author of this book is very thankful for giving overwhelmed, positive response and reception with motivation to the first edition of this book from all the corners especially students of pharmacy, botany, biotechnology and chemistry. As per suggestions from students and professionals, new topics like extractions and isolation methods, microscopical aids, chromatographic techniques and their applications, herbarium, hallucinogens, narcotics, toxic mushrooms, intellectual property rights (IPRs) and plants based industries and research institutes in India and many other points are added and elaborated in this second edition of handbook. This pocket handbook is compilation of major important points which students need to remember and read at the time of subjective or objective examinations in subject of natural product chemistry, pharmacognosy or phytochemistry. Author wishes that this second edition of handbook will surely facilitate last minute preparation on topics of pharmacognosy and phytochemistry appropriately.