Political theory and political philosophy are generally used inter-changeably, though sometimes a distinction is made between the two. This book on political theory deals with the study of political instructions alongwith the theories of State, Law, Liberty and Equality.In its second edition, the book continues to analyse the key concepts like Authority, Power, Sovereignty, Political obligation, Civil disobedience, Citizenship, Rights, Democracy and Justice. The non-western ideas, including Indian and Chinese, are incorporated to underline cultural plurality and shared values in an enterprise that tries to set universal standards. The book is designed for the undergraduate and postgraduate students of Political Science. The book will be equally beneficial for the students appearing for the civil services examinations.