Indian society has been analysed with different perspectives such as religio-philosophical, historico-political, Marxian, and so on. On the one hand, these perspectives have greatly strengthened theoretical foundations of analysis and on the other hand, the creative thinkers have presented new approaches to understanding utilitarianism, income-egalitarianism, welfare-egalitarianism, libertarianism, etc. The unorthodox way of looking at the problems in our society by Indian philosophers and radical writers, as different from western scholars, has shed a new light on the current concerns. Today, Indian society is no longer perceived as a traditional society. Rather, it is now viewed as a modern society. But changes brought about by various planned measures also have negative consequences. This requires evaluation of social issues both in the existing and emerging societies. Rich in empirical data and theoretical analyses, the present work is an endeavour to understand the dynamics of various aspects of Indian society. The book has been so planned as to cater to the needs of not only the post-graduate students of sociology but also of those preparing for various competitive examinations, such as IAS, State Administrative Services, NET, etc. It is hoped that the book would definitely enrich knowledge on Indian society.