One of the most significant works of Indo-Persian history and a benchmark of prose artistry is Abu'l-(1602?1602) Fazl's Akbarnma, or The History of Akbar. It set a high standard for Persian historical writing that had a long, rich history, and it functioned as a guide for historians all across the Persianate world. The book serves as both a chronicle of India in the sixteenth century and a biography of the Mughal emperor Akbar (r. 1556?1605), including accounts of his military, political, and cultural accomplishments. The fifth volume describes the bloody seventeenth to twenty-second years of Akbar's rule, detailing the invasions of Patna and Bengal as well as the conquest of Gujarat and the capture of Rohtas fort from renegade Afghans. The Naskh script used to display the Persian text,